Dental caries can be defined as the localized destruction of the tissues of the tooth by bacterial action. Dental caries has a polymicrobial etiology within the complex oral microbial ecosystem. Organic acids produced by toothdwelling bacteria dissolve the mineralized tissues of the tooth, and the resulting carious lesion progresses inward from the. The children did not use the gum or receive varnish treatments. Streptococcus mutans approximal plaque index as a new epidemiologic tool for defining the parameters of streptococcus mutans infection in human populations. Rootsurface caries is becoming a problem in the elderly due to gingival recession exposing the vulnerable cementum to microbial colonization. It is important to give a brief introduction to dental caries for the reason of compliance. Polymicrobial diseases, including dental caries, are not infectious. To learn about our use of cookies and how you can manage your cookie settings, please see our cookie policy. Dental microbiology download ebook pdf, epub, tuebl, mobi. Tooth decay, also known as dental caries is an epidemic, microbiological contagious disease of the teeth that ends in localized dissolution and damage of the calcified structure of the teeth.
Bacteria and fungi are both commensals in the oral cavity. However, the overall diversity and structure of supragingival plaque microbiota in adult dental health and caries are not well understood. Lesions result from the demineralization of enamel and later of dentine by acids produced by plaque microorganisms as they metabolize dietary carbohydrates. Dental caries is a polymicrobial disease caused by various consortia. The microbial flora of the mouth is highly complex, containing a wide variety of bacterial species. Classical kochs postulates contend that a specific micro organism can be found to be responsible for an infectious disease when it.
Sitespecific profiling of the dental mycobiome reveals. Dental caries can be thought of as a chronic infection in which the microbial agents are members of the normal commensal flora. Mar 12, 2016 dental caries can be classified with respect to the site of the lesion as follows. This disease occurs due to multiple factors such as interactions within the plaque community, host physiology, diet, fluoride, ph and the nature of the tooth enamel, and dominance of. Dental caries the localised destruction of the tissues of the tooth by bacterial fermentation of dietary carbohydrates caries is caused by acids produced by oral microorganisms. Your name has sent you a message from journal of dental education. The aim of this study was to use molecular identification methods, such as 16s rna gene sequence and reversecapture checkerboard hybridization, for identification of the bacteria associated with dental caries and with dental health in a subset of 204 twins aged 1. Its1 amplicon sequencing was used to generate taxonomic profiles from sitespecific. Jul 22, 2016 dental caries has a polymicrobial etiology within the complex oral microbial ecosystem. The mouth is colonized by 200 to 300 bacterial species, but only a limited number of these species participate in dental decay caries or periodontal disease. Dental caries is caused by complex highly active biofilm microbiotas, which in the presence of dietary carbohydrates act as a consortium to produce an acidic environment that demineralizes teeth. Nov 25, 2006 in part 5 the book focuses on oral microbiology, starting with the normal flora, followed by chapters covering the microbiology of dental caries, periodontal disease, dentoalveolar infections and. These bacteria live in bacterial communities known as dental plaque which accumulates on the tooth surface.
Thus, even dental plaque will not accurately show the bacterial communities responsible for dental caries and the data strongly recommend the use of carious lesion samples with rnabased approaches pink, inner circle to determine the. The main factors involved are suscep4ble tooth surfaces, 4me, sugar substrate and plaque bacteria. Dental cosmos, a monthly record of dental science was the first enduring national journal for the american dental profession, and one of the. M olecular microbiology of dental caries caries res 20. Your name thought you would like to see the journal of dental education web site. Bacteria of dental caries in primary and permanent teeth in. F all the diseases which affect civilized human beings, none has the prevalence and widespread distribution of dental caries. Dental caries can be defined as a localised and chemical loss of the tooth structure caused by the metabolic activity of dental biofilm that covers the tooth surface. The carious lesion is the result of demineralization of enamel and later of dentine by acids produced by plaque microorganisms as. Tooth decay, also known as dental caries is an epidemic, microbiological.
Pdf microbiology of dental caries affian hudatama academia. Localized destruction of the tissues of the tooth by bacterial fermentation of dietary carbohydrates a multifactorial, plaquerelated chronic infection of the enamel, cementum or dentine traces of plaque and decaying enamel. Over time, the lesion can grow through the outer enamel layer to infect the underlying dentin or even the innermost pulp. Thompson is a research assistant at the university of connect i. Microbiology of dental decay and periodontal disease. The microbiology of primary dental caries in humans. Solving the etiology of dental caries sciencedirect. Dental diseases are among the most prevalent and costly diseases affecting industrialized societies, and yet are highly preventable. Dental caries is a chronic endogenous infection caused by the normal oral commensal flora.
Relationship of streptococcus mutans carrier status to the development of carious lesions in initially cariesfree recruits. An investigation of the effects of maltose and sucrose in the diet on the microbiology of dental plaque in man. Fitzgerald whose pioneering work on dental caries in experimental animals framed the issues and set the stage for focused consideration of the role of. In dental caries, there is a shift towards community dominance. Tooth decay is a tissuedependent process of varying etiology. Tanzer is professor of oral diagnosis, school of dental medicine and professor of laboratory medicine, school of medicine, university of connecticut, ms. Chapter 32 microbiology of dental caries dental caries is a chronic endogenous infection caused by the normal oral commensal flora. This paper focuses on the microbiology of dental caries. Are dental diseases examples of ecological catastrophes.
Dental caries, or tooth decay, is an infectious disease of the dentition characterized by localized destruction of the tooth. Microbial diseases of the mouth and oral cavity microbiology. Ecological plaque hypothesis caries forms as a result of disturbance in the normal balance of oral biota. Pdf dental caries is one of the most common chronic and multifactorial diseases affecting the human population. Serotype distribution of streptococcus mutans a pathogen of dental caries in cardiovascular specimens from japanese patients kazuhiko nakano 1, hirotoshi nemoto 1, ryota nomura 1, hiromi homma 1, hideo yoshioka 2, yasuhiro shudo 3, hiroki hata 3, koichi toda 3, kazuhiro taniguchi 3, atsuo amano 4, takashi ooshima 1. Caries is caused by pathobionts present at low levels under healthy conditions. Our aims were to use molecular methods to detect all bacterial species associated with caries in primary and. Here, 160 supragingival plaque samples from patients with dental health and different severities of dental caries were collected for. Dental caries decay dental decay is due to the dissolution of tooth mineral primarily hydroxyapatite, ca 10 p0 4 6 0h 2 by acids derived from bacterial fermentation of sucrose and other dietary carbohydrates. The carious lesion is the result of demineralization of enamel and later of dentine by acids produced by plaque microorganisms as they metabolize dietary carbohydrates. In part 5 the book focuses on oral microbiology, starting with the normal flora, followed by chapters covering the microbiology of dental caries, periodontal disease, dentoalveolar infections and.
Organic acids produced by toothdwelling bacteria dissolve the mineralized tissues of the tooth, and the resulting carious lesion progresses inward from the tooth surface. An early director of the forsyth institute, percy howe, published a paper on the microbiology of dental caries in 1917 that noted the key role of bacteria currently recognized as. Dental caries is an infective serious transmittable bacterial disease characterized by a multifactorial pathology. Mothers were randomized to either xylitol gum use, chlorhexidine varnish, or fluoride varnish applications. Both studies showed that microbial species richness and microbial complexity decrease during the caries process. Microbiology of dental caries and dentinal tubule infection. The most common types of oral disease, dental caries and periodontal disease, are both related to dental plaque and seem to occur when the. The most common types of oral disease, dental caries and periodontal disease, are both related. This disease occurs due to multiple factors such as interactions within the plaque community, host physiology, diet, fluoride, ph and the nature of the tooth enamel, and dominance of streptococcus mutans. Our aims were to use molecular methods to detect all bacterial species associated with caries in primary and permanent teeth and to determine the. By closing this message, you are consenting to our use of cookies. Cavities of the teeth, known clinically as dental caries, are microbial lesions that cause damage to the teeth. Helicobacter pylori infection and salivary microbiome there have been reports of helicobacter pylori h.
Microbial communities are now seen as the fundamental etiological agent in oral diseases through their interface with host inflammatory responses. Learn vocabulary, terms, and more with flashcards, games, and other study tools. Baehni department of preventive dentistry, school of dental medicine, faculty of medicine, university of geneva, 19, rue barthelemymenn, 1211 geneva 4, switzerland. Microbial risk indicators of early childhood caries journal. Dental decay dental decay is due to the irreversible solubilization of tooth mineral by acid produced by certain bacteria that adhere to the tooth surface in bacterial communities known as dental plaque. Pdf the microbiology of primary dental caries in humans.
Here, 160 supragingival plaque samples from patients with dental health and different severities of dental caries were collected for bacterial genomic dna extraction. This site is like a library, use search box in the widget to get ebook that you want. Current status of a mucosal vaccine against dental caries. Main players in the etiology of this disease are cariogenic bacteria. Dental caries, tartar, and gingivitis are caused by overgrowth of oral bacteria, usually streptococcus and actinomyces species, as a result of insufficient dental hygiene. Dental caries, commonly known as decay of the teeth, is found in all. Its1 amplicon sequencing was used to generate taxonomic. Although streptococcus mutans has been implicated as a major etiological agent of dental caries, our crosssectional preliminary study indicated that 10% of subjects with rampant caries in permanent teeth do not have detectable levels of s. Microbiology of dental decay and periodontal disease medical. Pdf dental caries results from an imbalance of the metabolic activity in the dental biofilm. A total of 448 plaque samples 118 collected from caries free subjects and 330 from caries active subjects were. Early enamel caries seen by polarized light microscopy.
The bacteria on teeth related to dental caries have been studied for over 100 y using microbial methods contemporary to the time of study. Dental cosmos, a monthly record of dental science was the first enduring national journal for the american dental profession, and one of the most significant in the early history of american dentistry. Frontiers bacterial diversity and community structure of. As was mentioned in chapter 1, there have been a number of theories concerning the aetiology of dental caries, of which the acidogenic theory has been the. The microflora of dental plaque biofilms from diseased sites is distinct from that found in health, although the putative pathogens can often be detected in low numbers at normal sites. Essential microbiology for dentistry 3rd edition british. The microbiology of primary dental caries in humans journal. Research has established that the teeth of germfree rats will not decay on a. It is the destruction of dental hard acellular tissue by acidic byproducts from the bacterial fermentation of dietary carbohydrates especially sucrose. Microbiology 262 learn with flashcards, games, and more for free. Microbiology of dental caries classical kochs postulates contend that a specific microorganism can be found to be responsible for an infectious disease when it invades a host, a principle that has been assumed to be correct for most microbial infections. Microbiology of dental caries classical kochs postulates contend that a speci. Microbial risk indicators of early childhood caries. The localised destruction of the tissues of the tooth by bacterial fermentation of dietary carbohydrates caries is caused by acids produced by oral microorganisms.
As was mentioned in chapter 1, there have been a number of theories concerning the aetiology of dental caries, of which the acidogenic theory has been the most generally accepted. Pdf dental caries from a molecular microbiological perspective. Click download or read online button to get dental microbiology book now. Serotype distribution of streptococcus mutans a pathogen of.
Nov 26, 2014 thus, even dental plaque will not accurately show the bacterial communities responsible for dental caries and the data strongly recommend the use of carious lesion samples with rnabased approaches pink, inner circle to determine the active etiological agents of the disease. Role of streptococcus mutans in human dental decay. A total of 448 plaque samples 118 collected from cariesfree subjects and 330 from. Dental decay is due to the dissolution of tooth mineral primarily hydroxyapatite, ca10 p046.
Study of structured microbial communities has increased our understanding of the roles of each member in the pathogenesis of oral diseases, principles that apply to both periodontitis and dental caries. Bacterial diversity and community structure of supragingival. Dental caries from a molecular microbiological perspective. Serotype distribution of streptococcus mutans a pathogen. Dental caries is a mul4factorial disease, strongly associated with the dental plaque. The evidence of a specific bacterial cause of dental caries and of the function of the salivary glands as an effector site of the mucosal immune system has provided a scientific basis for the development of a vaccine against this highly prevalent and costly oral disease. This loss is reversible, especially in its early stages. The oral fungal mycobiome associated with caries is not well characterized, and its role in disease is unclear.
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